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التاريخ	يوم من الأسبوع	الوقت	الحدث
١‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		The Big Bang. Beginning of the space and time.
٤‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Methuselah star. Oldest known star in the universe.
٦‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣ - ٢٤‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة - الثلاثاء		Reionization era. Early stars start ionizing interstellar gas.
٨‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		First black holes form
١٤‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Mass star formation. Universe starts to heat once again.
١٦‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		First galaxies form
١٧‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		GRB 090423. Oldest gamma ray burst ever observed.
٢٢‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Hubble ultra deep field
٢٦‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Quasar CFHQS J2329-0301. Oldest known quasar.
٣٠‏/١‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		PST B1620-26. Oldest known exoplanet.
١‏/٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Milky Way forms
١٤‏/٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		GRB 140419A supernova. Second oldest gamma ray burst.
٢٥‏/٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		BX442 galaxy. Oldest known spiral galaxy.
٢‏/٣‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Kapteyn b. Oldest known exoplanet lying within the habitable zone.
٥‏/٣‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Milky Way's cosmic halo forms
١٦‏/٣‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Star formation rate peaks. Universe starts to cool Temperature averages around 13000 K.
٢٩‏/٣‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Oldest population I stars. First stars abundant in metals.
٣١‏/٣‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Universe becomes habitable. First life-friendly star systems emerge.
١٤‏/٤‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		JKCS 041. Oldest galactic cluster.
١٩‏/٤‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Universe reaches 1/3 of its present diameter
٢٢‏/٤‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Milky Way star formation rate stabilizes
٢٨‏/٤‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Barnard's star forms. Oldest close solar neighbor.
٧‏/٥‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Oldest known evidence for dark energy
١٣‏/٥‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Milky Way's thin disk starts to form
٢١‏/٥‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Lalande 21185
٢٣‏/٥‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Lacaille 9352
٣‏/٦‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Milky Way star formation rate begins to decline
٨‏/٦‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Mizar forms
١٦‏/٦‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		GRB 080319B. Most powerful gamma ray burst ever observed by humans.
١٦‏/٦‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Arcturus forms. 4th brightest star in the night sky.
٢٧‏/٦‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Universe cools below 5 K
٢٩‏/٦‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Growth of large galaxies slows
٢‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		1/2 the age of the Universe
٥‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Alpha Centauri forms. Closest star system to the Sun.
٧‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Alnitak forms. Left star of the Orion's Belt.
١٣‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Milky Way starts spiralizing
١٥‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Age of an average earth-like planet
٢١‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		61 Cygni forms
٢٦‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Dark energy overtakes gravity. Universe's expansion rate starts to accelerate.
٣١‏/٧‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Tau Ceti forms
٨‏/٨‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Solar nebula starts collapsing
٨‏/٨‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Milky way becomes a spiral galaxy
١٦‏/٨‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Gliese 570 forms
٢٥‏/٨‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Proxima Centauri forms. Closest star to the Sun.
٢٩‏/٨‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		SN 2005ap supernova. Brightest supernova ever observed.
٢‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		The Sun forms
٢‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Proto-earth forms. Planets, asteroids and comets form from the Sun's protoplanetary disk.
٣‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Formation of the Moon. Theia impacts Earth, the Moon forms from the coalesced debris.
٦‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Oceans form on Earth. Asteroids bring water to Earth.
٦‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		First known minerals. Zircons form at Jack Hills, Australia.
١٠‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Mintaka forms. Right star of the Orion's Belt.
١١‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣ - ١٩‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين - الثلاثاء		Life emerges on Earth
١٤‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣ - ٢٢‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس - الجمعة		Late Heavy Bombardment
١٤‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Earliest known rock. (Aggregate of minerals).
١٧‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Greenstone rock belt
٢٢‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Oldest banded iron formation
٢٧‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Vaalbara supercontinent emerges
٣٠‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Last universal ancestor. Split between bacteria and archaea.
٣٠‏/٩‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Cyanobacteria fossils. Warrawoona, oldest fossil evidence of life on Earth.
٥‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Compressional tectonics
٦‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Barberton event. One of the largest impacts ever, left a 300 mi / 480 km crater.
٨‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Ur supercontinent forms
٨‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Anoxygenic photosynthesis developed by bacteria
١١‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		First land bacteria
١٣‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Cyanobacteria develop true photosynthesis. Life begins to produce oxygen.
١٦‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Zeta Reticuli forms
١٦‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Kenorland supercontinent emerges
١٦‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Tides decline below 1000 ft / 300 m
١٨‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Vaalbara supercontinent breaks up
٢١‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Major komatiite eruption
٢١‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		First eukaryotes emerge. Early estimate.
٢٤‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Oldest known giant carbonate platform
٢٥‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Zeta Puppis forms
٢٦‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Great Oxygenation event. Bacterially produced oxygen starts to accumulate in the atmosphere.
٢٦‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Movement of the tectonic plates commences
٢٩‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Suavjarvi impact event left oldest still recognizable crater
٢٩‏/١٠‏/٢٠٢٣ - ٥‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد - الأحد		Huronian glaciation. First snowball earth period.
١‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Continental red beds form
٣‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Atmospheric oxygen level surpasses one percent
٣‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Ozone layer forms
٦‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Earliest known eukaryote fossils (acritarchs)
٦‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Earliest multicellular life. Francevillian Group Fossil.
٨‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Vredefort impact event. One of the largest impacts ever left a 190 mi/ 300 km crater.
١١‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Atmospheric oxygen level surpasses 15 percent
١١‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Natural nuclear reactor forms in Oklo, Gabon
١٣‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Sudbury impact, event left a 160 mi / 260 km crater
١٤‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Supercontinent Columbia forms
١٥‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Vishnu Basement Rocks. Oldest rocks in the Grand Canyon.
١٧‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Oldest sand dune ergs
١٩‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Mitochondria assimilate into eukaryotic cells
٢٢‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء		Supercontinent Columbia breaks up
٢٣‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Geologic platform covers expand
٢٤‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Population of stromatolites rapidly rises
٢٥‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Procyon forms. Brightest star in Canis Minor.
٢٧‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Greenville orogeny starts
٣٠‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Supercontinent Rodinia forms
٣٠‏/١١‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Bangiomorpha pubescens. First sexually reproducing organism.
١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة		Population explosion of eukaryotes
٢‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Earliest flagellate protists
٩‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Population of stromatolites starts to decline
١٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Protista population explodes
١١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		Kaigas glaciation. Snowball earth period.
١٢‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء		Supercontinent Rodinia breaks apart
١٢‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣ - ١٤‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء - الخميس		Sturtian glaciation. Snowball earth period.
١٤‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس		Marinoan glaciation. Snowball earth period.
١٦‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Fossilized worm impressions in China
١٦‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت		Avalon explosion. Ediacaran fauna emerges.
١٧‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد		Cambrian explosion. Exponential diversification of life, most major animal phyla appear.
١٨‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين		First trilobites
٢٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء	٢:٢٠ ص	Plants and arthropods colonize the land
٢٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء	٥:٣١ ص	Ordovician extinction event. 60% of all species go extinct.
٢٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء	٩:٢٣ م	First air-breathing animals
٢١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس	١:١٥ م	First tetrapods
٢١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس	١٠:٤٦ م	First tree-like plants
٢٢‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة	٥:٠٧ ص	Late Devonian extinction. 70% of all species go extinct.
٢٣‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	٦:٣١ ص	First amniotes
٢٣‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	١٢:٥٢ م	First reptiles
٢٣‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	١٠:٢٣ م	Atmospheric oxygen level peaks at 35%. Arthropods grow into unprecedented sizes.
٢٤‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١:٣٣ ص	Pangaea forms. Last supercontinent.
٢٥‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين	٨:٤٠ ص	Permian extinction event. Largest extinction event in history, 90-96% of all species go extinct.
٢٥‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين	٩:١٨ ص	Sirius forms . Brightest star in the night sky.
٢٥‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الاثنين	٩:٢١ م	First dinosaurs
٢٦‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء	١:١٠ ص	First mammals
٢٦‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء	٤:٢٤ م	Triassic extinction event. 75% of all species go extinct.
٢٦‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الثلاثاء	١١:٢٣ م	First giant sauropods
٢٧‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء	٥:٤٤ ص	Pangaea splits into Laurasia and Gondwana
٢٧‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء	٨:١٦ ص	First stegosaurs
٢٧‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأربعاء	٩:٣٦ م	First birds
٢٨‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس	٣:٥٧ ص	Madagascar splits from Africa
٢٨‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس	١:٢٨ م	First flowering plants
٢٨‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الخميس	١:٢٨ م	Laurasia and Gondwana begin to drift apart
٢٩‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة	٤:٤٢ ص	Spinosaurus evolves. Largest of all carnivorous dinosaurs.
٢٩‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة	٨:٣١ ص	First bees
٢٩‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة	٢:٥٢ م	Indian subcontinent splits from Gondwana
٢٩‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الجمعة	٩:١٣ م	Australia splits from Antarctica
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	٤:٥٠ ص	Tyrannosaurus rex evolves
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	٦:٠٦ ص	Cretaceous extinction event. 75% of all species vanish.
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	٩:٥٤ ص	First primates evolve
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	١:٠٥ م	First modern birds
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	٤:١٥ م	Indian subcontinent collides with Asia. Tiber and Himalayas start to rise.
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	٦:٠٩ م	Whales return to the water
٣٠‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	السبت	١٠:٣٦ م	Antarctic ice cap begins to grow
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١:٤٦ ص	Grasslands become widespread
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٤:٥٧ ص	South America separates from Antarctica
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٧:٢٩ ص	First elephants. Eritreum melakeghebrekristosi.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١٢:٣٤ م	Divergence of great apes and lesser apes
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٢:٢٨ م	First bovids
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٥:٠١ م	First large horses
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٦:٥٥ م	Rigel forms. Brightest star in Orion.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٧:١٤ م	Betelgeuse forms. Second brightest star in Orion.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٨:١١ م	Last common ancestor humans and chimpanzees
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٨:١٣ م - ٨:٣٦ م	Messinian salinity crisis. Strait of Gibraltar closes tight, Mediterranean Sea dries out.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	٩:٢٧ م	Australopithecus evolves
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١٠:٠٥ م	Great American Interchange. Isthmus of Panama rises, North and South America join, extensive fauna exchange follows.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١٠:٢٤ م	Current ice age begins
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١٠:٣٦ م	First members of the genus Homo appear
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٠٢ م	First controlled use of fire by Homo erectus
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٣٠ م	Last reversal of the Earth's magnetic field
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٣٥ م	Yellowstone Caldera erupts
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٤٠ م	Earliest human engravings. Zig-zag patterns on shells in Java.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٤٨ م	Earliest instances of burial
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٠ م	Neanderthals evolve
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٢ م	Anatomically modern humans appear in Africa
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٦ م	Humans begin migrating out of Africa
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٧ م	Toba supervolcanic eruption. Human population falls to 10,000.
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٨ م	23:58:40 Neanderthals go extinct
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:25 First domesticated dogs
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:39 Beginning of agriculture
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:46 Wheel invented
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:48 Writing invented
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:49 Great Pyramid
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:52 Iron Age begins
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:55 Julius Caesar
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:58 Galileo Galilei
٣١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٢٣	الأحد	١١:٥٩ م	23:59:59 Charles Darwin